Testing strategies for an MVC laravel web api

I am a beginner with both laravel and software testing in general. My question here is not how to use the PHPunit or whatever testing framework's assertions or provided helpers. My main concern is to have some insight on how you lay out the testing approach to an MVC web API on a framework like laravel. Like what you should put in mind while testing and wether you should use unit or integration testing, what do you do with models, controllers, policies, middlewares, etc. So if there are any experienced testers with laravel out there I would be grateful to have some insight.